The most emailed article on the NY Times is a Sunday magazine column by Freakonomist Steven D. Levitt and his verbal caddy Stephen J. Dubner. Not surprisingly, it is so popular because it is slavishly devoted to telling the American public exactly what the public wants to hear:
When  someone is very good at a given thing, what is it that actually makes him good?  ...
This success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not  genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is  more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one. In other words, whatever  innate differences two people may exhibit in their abilities to memorize, those  differences are swamped by how well each person "encodes" the  information...
the trait we commonly call talent is highly overrated. Or, put another way,  expert performers — whether in memory or surgery, ballet or computer  programming — are nearly always made, not born. And yes, practice does make  perfect. These may be the sort of clichés that parents are fond of whispering  to their children. But these particular clichés just happen to be true.
Ericsson's research suggests a third cliché as well: when it comes to choosing  a life path, you should do what you love — because if you don't love it, you  are unlikely to work hard enough to get very good. Most people naturally don't  like to do things they aren't "good" at. So they often give up,  telling themselves they simply don't possess the talent for math or skiing or  the violin. But what they really lack is the desire to be good and to undertake  the deliberate practice that would make them better.
"I think the most general claim here," Ericsson says of his work,  "is that a lot of people believe there are some inherent limits they were  born with. But there is surprisingly little hard evidence that anyone could  attain any kind of exceptional performance without spending a lot of time  perfecting it." This is not to say that all people have equal potential. Michael  Jordan, even if he hadn't spent countless hours in the gym, would still have  been a better basketball player than most of us. But without those hours in the  gym, he would never have become the player he was."
The quote above, which is  the heart of the article, consists of a flagrant non-sequitur. That Michael  Jordan had to practice extremely hard to be Michael Jordan! is almost  utterly irrelevant to the question of whether or not "there are some limits  they were born with." If Michael Jordan had been 5'-6" instead of  6'-6", the best career he could have had in the NBA was Spud  Webb's, and he probably wouldn't have been that good. Jordan was the best  basketball player out of all the men in American history who were at least two  standard deviations taller than the median, but that's less than one in 40  men.
Personally, I'm not all that much shorter than Michael Jordan, and I probably  spent more time practicing basketball up through age 12 than he did (baseball  was his favorite sport then), but the high point of my organized basketball  career was being the third string center on my elementary school team. If I had  worked as hard then as Jordan did later in life, I easily could have made it to  second-string, but that's about it.
Don't fashionable economists do even the simplest reality checks on their ideas  before publishing them in the New York Times? Don't they have any  self-respect? Simon Cowell on "American Idol" is more honest and realistic than Steven D. Levitt because Simon tells a lot of contestants to give up their dreams of a singing career because they will never, ever be good, no matter how much time they waste practicing.
Is it really that important to Levitt and Dubner to be popular and rich that  they will demean themselves like this by spouting pretty much the same old Oprahesque tripe about how  you can be anything you want if only you want it hard enough? 
My published articles are archived at iSteve.com -- Steve Sailer
 
 
 
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